Don’t Let These Costly 退休 Mistakes Drain Your Nest Egg

杰里米·乔伊纳|
类别
投资
退休
储蓄
遗产规划
风险管理

Don’t Let These Costly 退休 Mistakes Drain Your Nest Egg

退休 can feel like a finish line after decades of working — 但 you may not be able to cross that finish line or 真的 enjoy the retirement you had imagined if you get tripped up along the way. 

事实上, 你的梦想可能会因为一些失误和疏忽而在你眼前消失. 

Unfortunately, that happens more than most of us realize. 在未来30年左右将停止工作的人中，有不到一半的人预计会在退休时花光钱.1

That paints a grim picture, 但 it’s not all doom and gloom. 

If you know what mistakes tend to drain retirement savings, 你要小心, 做出更明智的决定, and stay on track to fund your dream retirement. 

十大退休储蓄错误

如果我们不小心，如果我们不真正了解我们的行为(或不作为)的影响，我们任何人都可能被这些常见的退休错误绊倒。. 

以下是你需要知道的，以保护你的储备金，并尽量减少退休时用光钱的风险. 

1. 等着为退休存钱. 

为退休存钱永远不会嫌早. 将退休储蓄推迟到晚年可能意味着失去充分利用复利的能力, meaning the ability to make interest on the interest you’ve earned. 

The earlier folks start saving for retirement, the better. That’s true even if you can’t contri但e a lot in those early years of your career. 每一点都有帮助，尤其是如果你能早点开始建立退休储蓄. 

Adopting an all-or-nothing mindset toward retirement, or delaying your savings until your 40s or 50s, can significantly hinder your financial growth. As a result, you may find yourself with fewer resources when it's time to retire.

2. 没有详细的退休计划. 

Details refer to specific numbers that outline your financial needs in retirement. These should account for factors such as your retirement location, 下班后计划活动, 你期望的生活方式.

有了这种详细的计划，你还应该更清楚地了解细节，比如: 

  • How much longer do you need to work before retiring
  • Whether you want or need to work part-time in retirement
  • 你的退休生活费用 

Without a plan in place, it’s much more difficult to: 

  • Consistently invest enough in retirement savings.
  • Forget about key parts of your financial life in retirement.
  • Get the math wrong and fail to save enough money to live comfortably in retirement.

3. 没有考虑到未来的需求. 

What will your future medical care look like and cost? At what point would you need live-in care or long-term care (LTC) facilities? 

You may not know the answers or numbers off the top of your head, and that’s OK. 有几个在线工具可以帮助您估算医疗费用和长期医疗费用. 专业人士也可以提供帮助.

In general, however, it’s important to know that:

  • Most folks who are 65 will need some type of LTC as they age.2
     
  • LTC costs can be expensive, and they aren’t necessarily covered by Medicare.2
     
  • Medical and LTC bills do cause some folks to run out of money in retirement.2
     
  • 为医疗账单和退休后的LTC成本做预算只是财务“硬币”的一面. 另一个是考虑授权书——如果你以后不能为你做财务(和医疗)决定，你希望谁来代表你?

尽早考虑这些问题可以给你更多的权力和灵活性来计划你以后的生活需求. That can provide priceless peace of mind both before and during retirement.

4. 误算社会保障.

How much can you expect from Social Security, and when can you start drawing that? 这些资金是否足够支持你的退休生活，或者你是否需要其他收入来源?

如果你有资格获得社会保障福利，在依赖它们之前先计算一下数字. 许多人无法仅靠社会保障福利生活，而另一些人则根本无法依赖这些福利.

So, 仔细看看你能从社会保障中得到什么，以及它如何与你的退休收入相匹配. 在这里做出假设可能是一个巨大的财务错误，可能会让退休人员重新回到工作岗位.

5. 没有考虑到税收和通货膨胀. 

What tax bracket will you be in when you retire? Many folks assume they’re going to be in a lower tax bracket at retirement, 后来才发现: 

  1. 他们错了. 
  2. They’re in a higher tax bracket than expected in retirement. 
  3. They didn’t budget enough for taxes as retirees. 

类似的, 通货膨胀会带来很多不受欢迎的意外，给你的退休收入带来意想不到的压力, leaving you with less purchasing power than you’d anticipated, 如果你还没有把它纳入你的计划. 

So, 当你考虑退休后需要多少钱以及以后如何减少这笔钱时，不要忽视税收和通货膨胀. 

6. Investing less and less as you get closer and closer to retirement.

If retirement is around the corner, don’t automatically reduce your contri但ions. Run the numbers again to make sure everything’s on trac. Don’t cut your retirement contri但ions based on assumptions alone.
 

7. 给退休带来太多债务.

Ideally, you’d retire with as little debt as possible. 当你不再工作时(你有固定收入)，带着过多的债务退休会给你带来很多经济负担。. 这可能会耗尽你的大部分或全部退休收入，留给娱乐的钱很少. Instead, try to pay off as much debt as you can before you retire. 这样你就能腾出更多的收入用于生活开支和你想做的任何事情.
 

8. 未能最大限度地提高退休供款.

Employer matches and similar contri但ions are like free money. If you don’t take advantage of them, you’re effectively leaving them on the table. So, don’t do that; instead, leverage these “matching” offers you get from employers, 金融机构, 或其他. 尽可能地投资以获得匹配，避免在任何可能的情况下留下免费的钱.
 

9. 从退休储蓄中借款.

将你的部分退休储蓄兑现可能会带来高昂的成本和高额的罚款. While there may be a few very good reasons to take on these costs, 比如在紧急情况下, 如果你有其他资源，提前提取退休基金通常不是一个好主意.
 

10. 未办理登机手续.

Life changes, and that can affect our retirement plans and objectives. If we truly want to keep our retirement goals within reach, it’s prudent to re-evaluate them from time to time. That’s usually easier to do with a financial professional. 

How to Live (More) Comfortably in 退休 

当我们注意到地雷并知道如何避开它们时，退休可能是非常有益的——甚至可能更好一点. 无论你是刚刚开始退休计划，还是现在是时候重新审视这些数字了, the truth is that it’s complicated and we don’t have to do it alone. 

有一点知识, 一些观点, 以及正确的指导, 我们可以把退休储蓄留在正轨上，给自己更好的基础，真正享受退休生活.

 

来源: 

1. http://www.ebri.org/content/retirement-savings-shortfalls-evidence-from-ebri-s-2019-retirement-security-projection-model

2. http://www.moneytalksnews.com/slideshows/what-happens-if-i-really-do-run-out-of-money-in-retirement/

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